慢性肝脏损伤将导致肝纤维化,不及时诊断治疗易进一步发展为肝硬化等更严重的肝脏疾病。近年来,荧光成像及光谱分析技术以其快速、简便、无损等优势,极大地推进了肝纤维化疾病的检测和研究,具有良好的发展前景。重点综述了目前荧光成像及光谱分析技术在肝纤维化组织、细胞以及分子机制研究中的最新成果,并展望了其研究难点和潜在应用前景。

基于表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术对于人体细胞组织与血液的检测和研究, SERS光谱技术能够发现正常组织与病变组织的差异性, 为医学临床上实现癌症的早期诊断提供了科学依据。由于鼻咽癌不具有明显的病变特征、病灶的位置难以通过常规医学手段检测。因此利用SERS光谱技术, 应用于鼻咽癌细胞组织与血液的研究, 可提高鼻咽癌患者的生存率。对鼻咽癌细胞组织与血液SERS光谱分析和诊断的探索研究, 有助于SERS光谱技术发展成为一种在生物医学领域中的分析检测手段, 在医学临床诊断上具有潜在的应用前景。

Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is known as an oncoprotein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells, which is considered to have a strong association with growth, invasion and metastasis of NPC cells through lipid rafts. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) can disrupt lipid rafts through cholesterol depletion. In this study, we revealed that MβCD induced apoptosis in two kinds of NPC cells including CNE1 cells, a LMP1-negative nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell line, and CNE1-LMP1 cells, a LMP1-positive nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the impact of MβCD on LMP1 was investigated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) method in NPC cells. Synchronized tempo-spatial and spectral detection of LMP1/LMP1 interaction were performed using fluorescence microscope and spectrograph. FRET efficiency indicated that LMP1/LMP1 interaction gradually enhanced after MβCD treatment. MTT assays showed that MβCD caused strong cytotoxicity in CNE1 cells, but caused relatively weaker cytotoxicity in CNE1-LMP1 cells, which indicated that LMP1 may regulate sensitivity of NPC cells to MβCD. Then, detection of cleaved caspase-3 in two kinds of NPC cells indicated that LMP1 may inhibit activation of caspase-3. These results strongly suggested that MβCD can induce apoptosis of NPC cells, but enhancing of LMP1/LMP1 interaction may likely resist apoptosis through inhibiting cleavage of caspase-3.

本文提出了基于光谱扫描技术的非机械扫描的表面等离子体共振(SPR)传感技术,采用白光为SPR激发光源,通过单色仪控制入射光的波长实现光谱寻址,在保证灵敏度和动态范围的同时,使系统在整个动态范围内具有较好的线性,简化了传感器结构.理论分析了光谱扫描SPR传感技术的灵敏度和动态范围,搭建了实验系统,并测量了不同浓度的酒精水混合溶液的SPR信号变化.结果表明:系统折射率测量范围为1.30-1.38,灵敏度可达3.1×105RIU.

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been increasingly accepted as the gold standard for diabetes monitoring. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was tentatively employed for human hemoglobin (Hb) biochemical analysis aimed at developing a simple blood test for diabetes monitoring. Raman spectroscopy measurements were performed on hemoglobin samples of patients (n = 39) with confirmed diabetes and healthy volunteers (n = 37). The tentative assignments of the measured Raman bands were performed to compare the difference between these two groups. Meanwhile, principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were employed to develop effective diagnostic algorithms for classification between normal controls and patients with diabetes. As a result, the spectral features of these two groups demonstrated two distinct clusters with a sensitivity and specificity of 92.3% and 73%, respectively. Then the effectiveness of the diagnostic algorithm based on PCA-LDA technique was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the ROC curve was 0.92, indicating a good diagnostic result. In summary, our preliminary results demonstrate that proposing Raman spectroscopy can provide a significant potential for the noninvasive detection of diabetes.

表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)是一种可从单分子水平对样本进行检测和成像的振动光谱新技术，具有高灵敏度、高特异性、测量快速及对待测样本基本无损等优点，十分适合于癌症的早期筛查研究。近年来，SERS技术应用于癌症检测已成为一个新的研究热点，表现出良好的发展前景。简要介绍了肿瘤组织、肿瘤细胞及癌症患者血液的SERS研究最新成果，对存在的研究难点、局限性及潜在应用价值进行了全面综述，对SERS技术在癌症检测中的发展前景进行了展望。

SERS光谱技术具有高检测灵敏度和高特异性的优点, 广泛应用于生物组织, 细胞及生物分子的研究, 表现出极大的应用潜力。本文首先介绍了拉曼及SERS光谱技术的原理, 综述了SERS光谱技术在人体体液分析检测的研究概况, 特别介绍了本课题组针对血液、精液、尿液开展的研究工作, 最后简要讨论SERS光谱技术的发展前景。

测试研究了党参中药材不同部位的拉曼光谱、党参煎剂的拉曼光谱以及党参煎剂的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。党参煎剂在银胶中的SERS信号明显增强。测试了党参煎剂、银胶以及党参煎剂与银胶混合体的吸收光谱,探讨了党参煎剂在银胶上的吸附特性及表面增强机理,并对所获得的党参煎剂的SERS信号进行初步谱峰归属。研究表明,SERS可能为党参煎剂或其他中成药生产、质量监控提供一种直接、快速、准确的检测新方法。

We report the surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) spectra of morphine in silver colloid, and study the silver colloid enhanced effects on the Raman scattering of morphine. The Raman bands of morphine are assigned to certain molecule vibrations. The broad band in the long-wavelength region of the electronic absorption spectra of the sol with added adsorbent at certain concentrations has been explained in terms of the aggregation of the colloidal silver particles. The potential applications of SERS in quantitative measurement of the morphine samples are demonstrated. By using a proper Raman band of morphine, the detection limit of morphine in silver sol is found to be 1.5 ng/ml. The result suggests that it is of great significance to use SERS in illicit drug morphine inspection.

抑制血管生成是肿瘤治疗的重要方法之一,若能从分子水平检测血管损伤的机制,对治疗将更具指导意义。拉曼光谱是一种无损、信息非常丰富的光谱技术,可以应用于固态、溶液或液态的生物分子分析。基于激光共焦拉曼光谱技术设计一方案,测量分析了鸡胚微血管在抗血管药物沙利度胺作用前后的拉曼光谱。加药5 h与对照组血管的平均拉曼谱在位置和形状上类似,但某些特征峰在强度上却发生变化,如波数1441 cm-1,1527 cm-1及1657 cm-1的强度明显增强而971 cm-1和1081 cm-1的强度明显减弱,这些变化可能是药物作用血管后,使血管内的核酸、蛋白质、磷脂等重要生物分子在结构或含量上发生了不同的改变而引起的。研究结果表明拉曼光谱有可能成为从分子水平分析抗血管生成药物对血管作用的一种有效方法。